I. DEFINITION OF PRODUCE

This standard applies to the following fruit, classified as "citrus fruit", to be supplied fresh to the consumer, citrus fruit for industrial processing being excluded:

• lemons of varieties (cultivars) grown from the species Citrus limon (L.) Burm. f.,
• mandarins of varieties (cultivars) grown from the species Citrus reticulata Blanco, including satsumas (Citrus unshiu Marcow.), clementines (Citrus clementina Hort. ex Tan.), common mandarins (Citrus deliciosa Ten.) and tangerines (Citrus tangerina Hort. ex Tan.) grown from these species and its hybrids, hereinafter called "mandarins",
• oranges of varieties (cultivars) grown from the species Citrus sinensis (L.) Osb.

II. PROVISIONS CONCERNING QUALITY

The purpose of the standard is to define the quality requirements of the citrus fruit after preparation and packaging.

A. Minimum requirements

In all classes, subject to the special provisions for each class and the tolerances allowed, the citrus fruit must be:

• intact,
• free of bruising and/or extensive healed over cuts,
• sound; produce affected by rotting or deterioration such as to make it unfit for consumption is excluded,
• clean practically free of any visible foreign matter,
• practically free from pests,
• practically free from damage caused by pests,
• free of signs of internal shrivelling,
• free of damage caused by low temperature or frost,
• free of all abnormal external moisture,
• free of any foreign smell and/or taste.

The citrus fruit must have been carefully picked and have reached an appropriate degree of development and ripeness account being taken of criteria proper to the variety, the time of picking and the growing area.

The development and state of ripeness of the citrus fruit must be such as to enable them:

• to withstand transport and handling, and
• to arrive in satisfactory condition at the place of destination.

Citrus fruit meeting the ripeness requirements of this Annex may be "degreened". This treatment is permitted only if the other natural organoleptic characteristics are not modified.

B. Maturity requirements

Maturity of citrus fruit is defined by the following parameters specified for each specie below:

1. Minimum juice content

2. Colouring

The degree of colouring shall be such that, following normal development the citrus fruit reach the colour typical of the variety at their destination point.

(i) Lemons

• Minimum juice content:

Verdelli and Primofiore lemons: 20 %

Other lemons: 25 %

• Colouring: must be typical of the variety. However fruits with a green (but not dark green) colour are allowed provided they satisfy the minimum requirements as to juice content.

(ii) Mandarins

• - Minimum juice content:

Mandarins, excluding Clementines: 33 %

Clementines: 40 %

• Colouring: must be typical of the variety on at least one third of the surface of the fruit.

(iii) Oranges

Colouring must be typical of the variety. Fruits with light green colour are allowed, provided it does not exceed one fifth of the total surface of the fruit. Fruits must show the following minimum juice content:

- Blood oranges: 30 %

- Navels group: 33 %

- Other varieties: 35 %

However, oranges produced in areas with high air temperatures and high relative humidity conditions during the developing period can be of a green colour exceeding one fifth of the total surface area, provided they satisfy the following minimum juice content:

Varieties Mosambi, Sathgudi and Pacitan: 33 %

Other varieties: 45 %

C. Classification

Citrus fruit are classified in three classes defined below:

(i) "Extra" Class

Citrus fruit in this class must be of superior quality. In shape, external appearance, development and colouring they must be characteristic of the variety and/or commercial type.

They must be free from defects with the exception of very slight superficial defects, provided these do not affect the general appearance of the produce, the quality, the keeping quality and presentation in the package.

(ii) Class I

Citrus fruit in this class must be of good quality. They must be characteristic of the variety and/or commercial type.

The following slight defects, however, may be allowed provided these do not affect the general appearance of the produce, the quality, the keeping quality and presentation in the package:

- slight defect in shape,

- slight defect in colouring,

- slight skin defects occurring during the formation of the fruit, such as silver scurfs, russets, etc.,

- slight healed defects due to a mechanical cause such as hail damage, rubbing, damage from handling, etc.

(iii) Class II

This class includes citrus fruit which do not qualify for inclusion in the higher classes but satisfy the minimum requirements specified above.

The following defects may be allowed, provided the citrus fruit retain their essential characteristics as regards the quality, the keeping quality and presentation:

• defect in shape,
• defect in colouring,
• rough skin,
• skin defects occurring during the formation of the fruit, such as silver scurfs, russets, etc.,
• healed defects due to a mechanical cause such as hail damage, rubbing, damage from handling, etc.,
• superficial healed skin alterations,
• slight and partial detachment of the pericarp for oranges (which is allowed for mandarins).

III. PROVISIONS CONCERNING SIZING

Size is determined by the maximum diameter of the equatorial section of the fruit.

A. Minimum size

Fruits of less than the following minimum sizes are excluded:

Lemons: 45 mm

Mandarins, excluding clementines: 45 mm

Clementines: 35 mm

Oranges: 53 mm

B. Size scales

The scales of sizes are as follows:

Citrus fruit may be packed by count. In this case, provided the size uniformity required in Title III, point C, is retained, the size range in the package may fall outside a single size code, but within two adjacent codes.

C. Uniformity

Uniformity in size is achieved by the abovementioned size scales, unless otherwise stated as follows:

(i) for fruit arranged in regular layers, in packages or in unit consumer packages, the difference between the smallest and the largest fruit in the same package, within a single size code or, in the case of citrus fruit packed by count, within two adjacent codes, must not exceed the following maxima:

(ii) for fruit not arranged in regular layers, in packages or in rigid unit consumer packages, the difference between the smallest and the largest fruit in the same package must not exceed the range of the appropriate size grade in the size scale, or, in the case of citrus fruit packed by count, the range in mm of one of the two adjacent codes concerned;

(iii) for fruit in bulk bins and fruit in non-rigid (nets, bags, etc.) unit consumer packages, the maximum size difference between the smallest and the largest fruit in the same lot or package must not exceed the range obtained by grouping three consecutive sizes in the size scale.

IV. PROVISIONS CONCERNING TOLERANCES

Tolerances in respect of quality and size shall be allowed in each package for produce not satisfying the requirements of the class indicated.

A. Quality tolerances

(i) "Extra" Class

5 % by number or weight of citrus fruit not satisfying the requirements of the class, but meeting those of Class I or, exceptionally, coming within the tolerances of that class.

(ii) Class I

10 % by number or weight of citrus fruit not satisfying the requirements of the class, but meeting those of Class II, or exceptionally, coming within the tolerances of that class.

(iii) Class II

10 % by number or weight of citrus fruit satisfying neither the requirements of the class, nor the minimum requirements, with the exception of produce affected by rotting or any other deterioration rendering it unfit for consumption. Within this tolerance, a maximum of 5 % is allowed of fruit showing slight superficial unhealed damage, dry cuts or soft and shrivelled fruit.

B. Size tolerances

For all classes and types of presentation: 10 % by number or weight of citrus fruit corresponding to the size immediately below and/or above that (or those, in the case of the combination of three sizes) mentioned on the packages is allowed.

In any case, the tolerance of 10 % applies only to fruit not smaller than the following minima:

• Lemons: 43 mm
• Mandarins, excluding clementines: 43 mm
• Clementines: 34 mm
• Oranges: 50 mm

V. PROVISIONS CONCERNING PRESENTATION

A. Uniformity

The contents of each package must be uniform and contain only citrus fruit of the same origin, variety or commercial type, quality, and size, and appreciably of the same degree of ripeness and development.

In addition, for the "Extra" Class, uniformity in colouring is required.

The visible part of the contents of the package must be representative of the entire contents.

B. Packaging

The citrus fruit must be packed in such a way as to protect the produce properly.

The materials used inside the package must be new, clean and of a quality such as to avoid causing any external or internal damage to the produce. The use of materials, particularly of paper or stamps bearing trade specifications is allowed provided the printing or labelling has been done with non-toxic ink or glue.

If the fruit are wrapped, thin, dry, new and odourless [5] paper must be used.

The use of any substance tending to modify the natural characteristics of the citrus fruit, especially its taste or smell [5], is prohibited.

Packages must be free of all foreign matter. However, a presentation where a short (not wooden) twig with some green leaves adheres to the fruit is allowed.

Stickers individually affixed on product shall be such as, when removed, neither to leave visible traces of glue, nor to lead to skin defects.

C. Presentation

The citrus fruit may be presented:

(a) arranged in regular layers in packages;

(b) not arranged in regular layers in packages or in bulk bins. This presentation is only allowed for Classes I and II;

(c) in individual packages for direct sale to the consumer of a weight less than 5 kg either

- made up by number of fruit, or

- made up by net weight of the package.

VI. PROVISIONS CONCERNING MARKING

Each package must bear the following particulars, in letters grouped on the same side, legibly and indelibly marked, and visible from the outside.

A. Identification

The name and the address of the packer and/or the dispatcher

This mention may be replaced:

• for all packages with the exception of pre-packages, by the officially issued or accepted code mark representing the packer and/or the dispatcher, indicated in close connection with the reference "Packer and/or Dispatcher" (or equivalent abbreviations);

• for pre-packages only, by the name and the address of a seller established within the Community indicated in close connection with the mention "Packed for:" or an equivalent mention. In this case, the labelling shall also include a code representing the packer and/or the dispatcher. The seller shall give all information deemed necessary by the inspection body as to the meaning of this code.

B. Nature of produce

• Name of the species if the produce is not visible from the outside, except for mandarins for which the name of the specie or variety (where applicable) is compulsory,
• Name of the variety, for oranges,
• Name of the type:
• for lemons: the indication "Verdelli" and "Primofiore" where appropriate,
• for clementines: the indication "Clementines, pipless", "Clementines" (1 to 10 pips), "Clementines with pips" (more than 10 pips) where appropriate.

C. Origin of produce

Country of origin and, optionally, district where grown, or national, regional or local place name.

D. Commercial specifications

• Class.
• Size code for fruit presented in accordance with the size scale or the upper and the lower limiting size code in the case of three consecutive sizes of the size scale.
• Size code (or, when fruit packed by count fall under two adjacent codes, size codes or minimum and maximum diameter) and number of fruit, in the case of fruit arranged in layers in the package.
• When used, mention of the preserving agent or other chemical substances used at post-harvest stage.

E. Official control mark (optional)

Packages need not to bear the particulars mentioned in the first subparagraph, when they contain sales packages, clearly visible from the outside, and all bearing these particulars. These packages shall be free from any indications such as could mislead. When these packages are palletised, the particulars shall be given on a notice placed in an obvious position on at least two sides of the pallet.